زمان حال ساده / زمان حال استمراري / ماضي نقلي / وجود قيود زماني در ماضي نقلي

زمان حال ساده

زمان حال ساده براي بيان عملي است که به صورت تکرار و يا عادت انجام مي شود و وجود قيود تکرار مي تواند يکي از نشانه هاي اين زمان باشد.

Usually- always- generally

1- How much ……… you generally pay for a pair of shoes? 
a) do * 
b) dose 
c) was 
d) were 

2- We ……… ten new words every day. 
a) learns 
b) learned
c) learn * 
d) to learn 

3- He ……… to Washington once a week. 
a) drives * 
b) driving 
c) drove 
d) driven 

4- Water ……… at 100 cc 
a) boil 
b) is boiling 
c) boils * 
d) to boil

زمان حال استمراري

زمان حال استمراري در بيان عملي است که هم اکنون و در حال حاضر در حال انجام است. وجود قيود زماني مي تواند نشانه اين زمان باشند.

(at this moment, at present- now)

1- At present they ……… many new highways in Tehran. 
a) build 
b) built 
c) are building * 
d) to build 

2- He ……..pepper on his egg now. 
a) puts 
b) has put 
c) put
d) is putting * 

3- I see that you ……….your new Suit now. 
a) wear
b) are wearing *
c) wears
d) wore 

4- The weather ……… better and better. 
a) got
b) gets 
c) is getting * 
d) get

وجود افعال 
(Look! Be quiet! Listen! Be careful!)
در جملات حال استمراري

1- Be quiet! The body …… 
a) is sleeping *
b) sleeps
c) had slept
d) sleeps 

2- Look! The man ………. after the train. 
a) runs
b) has run
c) run
d) is running * 

3- Look! The cat ……….. To climb that tell tree. 
a) try 
b) tries
c) is trying * 
d) to try 

4- Listen! Some one ……… at the door. 
a) is knocking * 
b) knock 
c) knocks 
d) to knock

ماضي نقلي

اين زمان براي بيان عملي است که در وقت نامشخص در گذشته آغاز شده و اثر آن تا زمان حال باقي است. 
طرز ساختن اين زمان: since و for قيد زماني + قسمت سوم فعل+have و has + فاعل 
مبدأ زمان: since، طول زمان: for

1- He is tired, because he …….. football since afternoon. 
a) have played
b) has played *
c) had played 
d) played

جمله اي که قبل از because قرار گرفته زمان حال ساده است و جمله اي که بعد از because قرار مي گيرد بايد ماضي نقلي باشد.

2- John is unhappy because he ……….his money. 
a) lost 
b) have lost 
c) has lost * 
d) lose 

3- She …….. here since 1948. 
a) worked
b) have worked 
c) has worked * 
d) was working 

4- I ……… in Greece since 1976. 
a) have lived *
b) lived
c) has lived 
d) was living

وجود قيود زماني در ماضي نقلي

ماضي نقلي يک سري علائم دارد. مثل:

(several times- yet- so for- up to now)

1- I ……… to him a bout it several times. 
a) have spoken *
b) am speaking 
c) speak
d) spokes 

2- She …….. English for 8 years. 
a) studied
b) have studied 
c) has studied* 
d) studying 

3- We …….. 17 lesson so for. 
a) have learned * 
b) has learned
c) learned 
d) were learning 

4- Ali ……..yet 
a) didn’t come 
b) haven’t come 
c) hasn’t come *
d) wasn’t coming